Issues in Contemporary media and cultural studies(Journal) Essay

Issues in Contemporary media and cultural studies(Journal) - Essay Example Hacking can be dated back to 1978 in the earlier days of Bell Telephone Companies, where earliest mischief’s of application of modern community were experienced. However, at the moment it was not known as hacking. This paper aptly examines the theoretical and contextual perspective of hacking. It also examines the comparison of various types of hacking and evaluation with their interpretations. It further examines the social and political hacking of media. Hacking comes with different and conflicting definitions. For the purpose of this paper, Hacking is defined to â€Å"unauthorized access to a computer network† (Kumar, 2012, P.1). Hacking can also be defined as the use of various software methodologies using programming experimentation to achieve intended ill gain. According to Kumar (2012), hacking can be stated as unauthorized intrusion; hence the act of gaining access to a computer network with an absence of legal authority. The person who performs the act is a hacker. However, it must be noted that not all hackers are bad (Kumar, 2012), since the government and some huge companies use hackers to maintain their computer network security in order (Rogers 1994).Computer intrusion is regarded as unethical act (Doss, Smith &Yurcik, 2001), and there are laws that have been passed for purposes of prosecuting such acts (Spafford, 1992, p.7), hence it is regarded that once an individual uses his hacking ability to perpetrate a cri me, he is deemed as a criminal (Doss, Smith &Yurcik, 2001). Numerous debates have sparked off in matters regarding to ethical hacking and crime intrusion (Doss, Smith &Yurcik, 2001, p.54). Ethical intrusion is associated with ethical hackers who tend to utilize their knowledge in hacking to improve the system (Doss, Smith &Yurcik, 2001). Conversely, illegal hacking has continued to enjoy triumph celebration from hacking community. According to Leeson, hacking has a long

The Customers Revenge Essay Example for Free

The Customers Revenge Essay There is no better way to solve this kind of problems, than to look from the consumers’ perspective. Almost everybody has been in such a position once in their life, waiting and long talks on the phone with the service center with at the end zero result. A lot of people say: the customer is always right; you should treat each with care. This sounds very reasonable, but is it too hard to manage? It is a fact that how bigger the institution gets, the greater diverse costs will be and therefore the greater the risk to fail. A big company can lose more compared to a small company. That’s why a big institution should handle careful. The problem in this case is that there are dissatisfied customers. How can we make sure that these customers won’t take away your (future) customers? And which customers are just naggers or really worth listening to? Advertising is a well-known way to communicate with the (potential) customers. Another way to get more publicity as a company is Word of Mouth. This type of marketing is the most fast and cheapest way to attract more customers (unless it is not negative Word of Mouth). Happy customer results in positive Word of Mouth. This makes a good Customer Relationship Management system important in an institution. In every company there are customers who are dissatisfied. This is off course possible, because you as a company can’t fulfill everybody’s wishes and desires. It is important how you treat this dissatisfaction. If you as a company give bad customer service, it can lead to angry customers. Negative Word of Mouth is the least thing you want. Word of Mouth can especially be spread fast by customers who has a big influence in the society (for example celebrities, reviewers etc). Atida can maybe order its type of customers to know which customers can either break them or make them real quick. It cost a lot of time to assemble information of the customers, but this information is helpful for the duration of the individual consumer cycle. It also shows that Atida cares about its customers. The same can be done with the type of complaints. The call-center workers can order the type of dissatisfaction, so the company has a clear picture what they could do better. The CEO could then focus on the main problems and try to improve the business. A reason for outsourcing the call-center department to another company in Bangalore is to reduce costs and call-waiting times. Also they wanted to standardize and streamline the customer service. When you outsource a part of your company, you must be sure that they are doing a good job. When they are not, the name of the company itself will be dragged down. Therefore, it is very important that everybody who owns a position in Atida, should also be representative. A good way to do this is to give training to the workers in Bangalore. Those training can teach them how to deal properly with customers who are dissatisfied. Another option is to get the call center department back to Atida’s headquarter. The costs for the training should be compared to the difference of labor costs. Concluded, it is important that Atida provide good customer service. The customers are the ones you want to please and therefore are important to listen to.

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Homework "The amount of homework is and has been just ridiculous, my child can't have a real life," one parent complained in a school district survey. "There have been nights where we have been up until 12 or 1am because my child is still working on some school assignment." Homework is stressful and has no positive outcomes: it never raises your grade, it has little educational worth, and it ties up teachers’ time is marking it down taking time away from more effective lessons. Homework should not be allowed in schools being that it is pointless, stresses students and has little educational value. Many students in the United States believe that homework is a waste of their time and does not positively affect their test grades. They also feel that homework is tiring and a complete waste of their time. They constantly find themselves coming home after a long day of school, only to remember that school hasn’t necessarily left them. Homework ends up being done in a hurry, by students fighting fatigue, and poor quality work is produced. Worse still, students who have been up late trying to finish off their homework, then come tired into school the next day, and therefore are less ready to learn. Setting homework does little to develop good study skills. It is hard to check whether the homework students produce is really their own. Some students have always copied off others or got their parents to help them. But today there is so much material available on the internet that teachers can never be sure. It would be better to have a mixture of activities in the classroom which help students to develop a whole range of skills, including independent learning. Homework produces a large amount of pointless ... ...dents almost never want to do homework, so they end up doing it the next day, the period before the assignment is due, by either copying off one of their classmates or getting answers online. Students actually prefer to do homework with a buddy or partner so they can at least have a little fun with it. But by no means does homework teach students to become more independent. Homework has been a large controversy over the past few years in many school districts throughout the United States. Many schools support homework, while some schools don’t assign homework to their students. Yet studies show that homework or not, the test scores are generally equal. And sometimes, homework can bring down a student's standardized testing grades. Homework assignments are pointless work that brings stress, anxiety and no room for social life and family time among the student body.

Life: A User’s Manual by Georges Perec Essay

Life: A User’s Manual by Georges Perec was originally written in French in 1978 and was translated in English by David Bellos in 1988. The original work is quite complex and a rich work of art and because of this, its title page describes it as novels i. e. , in plural. The matter becomes clear as we go on reading the book. Perec has imagined the whole story when he was working with a jigsaw puzzle and it is considered as one of his most remembered work. Perec’s books are all examples of his playfulness and all his works are typical in some way or other. Life: A User’s Manual is a combination of short tories and it seems Perec wants to tell the readers that life is like a jigsaw puzzle and we have to arrange the jigsaws to get a coherent picture. Perec tells, It’s not the subject of the picture, or the painter’s technique, which makes a puzzle more or less difficult, but the greater or lesser subtletly of the way it has been cut; an arbitrary cutting pattern will necessarily produce an arbitrary degree of difficulty. . . The art of jigsaw puzzling begins with wooden puzzles cut by hand, whose maker undertakes to ask himself all the questions the player will have to solve, and, instead of llowing chance to cover his tracks, aims to replace it with cunning, trickery and subterfuge. In the story there is an extremely rich Englishman, Bartlebooth who has some plans that will occupy his rest of life and spend his fortune at the same time. He spent his first ten years learning to paint with watercolors and then twenty years went for a trip round the world with his faithful servant Smautf. During this trip his servant makes paintings of different ports in watercolor and Bartlebooth sends each of the paintings to France. Here he painting is glued to a support board and a selected craftsman cuts it cautiously into a jigsaw puzzle. When Bartlebooth returns he spends his time solving these jigsaw puzzles. As the puzzles get solved, the paper is rebound with the help of a special solution and the wooden support is removed. Then it is sent to the port where it was painted and is immersed in the water till the colors get dissolved leaving just the faint marks of a painting on the paper and the marks of rejoining of the paper too. This paper is once again returned to Bartlebooth. In the end there was nothing to show what he had done in the last 50 years f his life. This was an ongoing process and eventually as the puzzles became difficult Bartlebooth turned blind and while he was working on his 439th puzzle he died and he was sixteen months behind his project. This is the story so carefully written that the reader finds it interesting as well as occupied completely with the story. The narrator wants to tell his readers through his character, Bratlebooth that life can be seen in the same way, i. e. , like the paintings that are turned into jigsaw puzzles and when the puzzle is solved it is turned into a blank paper once again. This shows that the events in our life are like the paintings that need to be arranged into coherent pictures and then it should be forgotten completely. Take a new jigsaw puzzle or any problem in life and solve it. One should not get too much attached to anything in life even if you have given it your beautiful and youthful years. Things, people and events are meant to come and go and there is no need to get too much involved with any of them. The story is told in six parts and occupies ninety-nine chapters. The story in fact begins ith a jigsaw puzzle and the reader finds that the whole story is in itself a jigsaw puzzle but so interestingly and uniquely written that the reader feels completely involved in the story. Perec’s puzzle can be related to a number of events and characters of the story and as you read on you will find that you are actually solving a puzzle like situation. There are different types of descriptions in this book and the book seems to gather so many stories but very neatly bound between two shiny covers. The character of this book resembles the actual world and life where we find that everything is like a puzzle and we eed to solve each one and then it vanishes from our hands after sometime. There are depths upon depths in this book, which is felt when the reader inspects it closely. The book is written like the chess game and the narrator always jumps two spaces like a knight and has arranged the apartment building like chessboard. The narrator wants to tell you that life is like the puzzle pieces and when you try and arrange them to complete a logical picture, it tricks you. But you should go on solving new and different problems or situations in life even if you find yourself tricked by some of them.

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Tutorial (Week 2) ISYS224 Answer the following questions: 1 List four examples of database systems. 2 Discuss each of the following terms: Data, Database, Database Management System, Data Independence, Security, Integrity and Views. 3 Describe the approach taken to the handling of data in the early file-based systems. Discuss the disadvantages of this approach. 4 Describe the main characteristics of the database approach and contrast it with the file-based approach. 5 Discuss the roles of the following personnel in the database environment: Data Administrator Database Administrator Logical Database Designer Physical Database Designer Application Developer End-Users 6 Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of database management systems. 7 Discuss the concept of data independence and explain its importance in a database environment. 8 To address the issue of data independence, the ANSI-SPARC three-level architecture was proposed. Compare and contrast the three levels of this model. 9 What is a data model? Discuss the main types of data models. 0 Describe the types of facility you would expect to be provided in a multi-user DBMS. 11 Of the facilities described in your answer to Question 10, which ones do you think would not be needed in a standalone PC DBMS? Provide justification for your answer. 12 Consider a two-dimensional integer array of size m? n that is to be used in your favourite programming language. Using this array as an example, illustrate the difference (a) between the three levelsof data abstraction, and (b) between a schem a and an instance.

Compare And Contrast Of Cult And Religion Essay Essays - Free Essays

Compare And Contrast Of Cult And Religion Essay Essays - Free Essays Compare and Contrast of Cult and Religion Essay Religion is a sociological device used to protect its members, and it offers them a common system of belief. Religion, whether it is Christianity, Taoism, Judaism, or Hinduism is a set of commonly shared beliefs which bring many people together. Religions usually teach a code of morality with an emphasis on a higher supernatural entity. They give examples and role models for people to follow. Religion, although having nearly the same definition as a cult, has a positive connotation. Society alone has defined these connotative differences between cult and religion. The word, cult, has a negative connotation which reflects the rejection of the populace in which it exists. The word cult is often used to express disapproval of a scorned religion different from one's own. A cult is defined as; "...a system of religious worship..." or "...a creed or sect..."(The New Lexicon Webster's Dictionary of the English Language) While the dictionary definition of religion is, "...man's expression of his acknowledgment of the divine..." or "...a system of beliefs and practices relating to the sacred and uniting its adherents in a community..." (The New Lexicon Webster's Dictionary of the English Language) The two words are synonymous by definition, but the ways in which they are used contrast because of their differing connotations. Once a group is labeled a cult it is subjected to some form of prosecution. One group will attack another, either because they simply feel they are right and the other group's belief system must therefore be wrong. The group becomes an outlier and is banished, censured, or ostrasized. When labeled a cult like the branch Davidians of Waco, Texas the group is subject to infiltration and forced collapse. Only the connotations differentiate these two words from one another. Morgan Glines October 9, 1996 English AP

Proctor Gamble Project Essays

Proctor Gamble Project Essays Proctor Gamble Project Essay Proctor Gamble Project Essay The par or stated value of PG’s preferred stock is $1 B. )     The par or stated value of PG’s common stock is $1 C. )     . 975 D. )   In June of 2007 and 2006, 3,131,946 and 3,178,841 of common stock remain outstanding respectively. (p. 52) E. )  Ã‚   â€Å"Our first discretionary use of cash is dividend payments. Dividends per common share increased 11% to $1. 28 per share in 2007. This increase represents the 51st consecutive fiscal year the Company has increased its common share dividend. Total dividend payments to both common and preferred shareholders were $4. 2 billion, $3. 7 billion and $2. 7 billion in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. † (p. 48) F. )  Ã‚   The rate of return on common stock equity in 2007, equals net income ($10.. 3 billion (converted to 103,000 for the sake of input in a calculator) less preferred dividends (41,797) divided by average common stockholders equity ((66,760 + 62,908)/2) which is 94%. The rate of return on common stock equity in 2006, (8,700,000-161,000/62,908) 135% G. )   The payout ratio for 2007 and 2006 was (Cash dividend divided by net income-preferred dividends (2007: 420,000/$103,000-41,797) is 6. 86. The payout ratio for 2006 (270,000/8,700,000-161,000) is 3. 16 H. )   The market price range of PG’s common stock during the quarter ended June 30, 2007 was $60. 76 to $64. 75 (p. 73)

Oxford Referencing †Citing a Journal Article

Oxford Referencing – Citing a Journal Article Oxford Referencing – Citing a Journal Article At some point, you may need to reference a journal article when writing a dissertation or essay. And when using Oxford referencing, you’ll need two things for this: footnote citations and an entry in the bibliography. The format of Oxford citations can differ depending on the version of the system used, so make sure to check your style guide if you have one. However, the general rules for referencing a journal article are as follows. Citing a Print Journal Article in Footnotes Footnote citations are indicated with superscript numbers in the text: This is how it should appear in your document.1 Source details are then given in a footnote at the bottom of the page. The first time you reference a journal article, use the following format: n. Initial(s). Surname, â€Å"Article Title,† Journal Title, volume, number, year, page number(s). The â€Å"page number(s)† bit here should point to the specific part of the article cited. Using this format, you should end up with something like this: 1. T. Walker, â€Å"Beating the System,† Economics 101, vol. 10, no. 4, 2007, p. 167. If the article you’re citing has two or three authors, meanwhile, you can use and to separate the last two names: 2. O. Duffy, S. Taylor and J. Tokunago, â€Å"Using Mulch to Improve Your Crops,† Ecology Reports, vol. 6, no. 8, 2009, pp. 34-35. And if it has more than three authors, use â€Å"et al.† after the first name: 3. M. Larkin et al., â€Å"Determining Time,† Space and Beyond, vol. 12, no.4, 2015, p. 16. This will provide all the information your reader needs to find the article in question. But you will also need a bibliography entry (see below). Citing an Online Journal Article in Footnotes The format for citing an electronic journal article is similar, but most versions of Oxford referencing also require a URL and date of access in these cases: n. Initial(s). Surname, â€Å"Article Title,† Journal Title, volume, number, year, page number(s), URL, accessed day month year. For instance, we would cite an online journal article as follows: 1. T. Walker, â€Å"Beating the System,† Economics 101, vol. 10, no. 4, 2007, p. 167, https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.3998/mpub.14486 , accessed April 6, 2019. Alternatively, you could give the name of a database instead of a URL. The key in both cases is to clearly show how you accessed the article. Subsequent Footnotes After the first citation, you can use a shortened format if you end up citing the same journal article again. Depending on the style guide you’re using, there are two ways to do this: Latin abbreviations or a shortened footnote format. Repeat Citations: Latin Abbreviations Many versions of Oxford referencing use three Latin abbreviations: Ibid. (meaning â€Å"in the same place†) – Used to cite the same source twice in a row. These are known as consecutive citations. Make sure to include a new page number if you’re citing a different part of the same text. Op. cit. (meaning â€Å"in the work cited†) – Used when citing a different part of the text in a non-consecutive citation (i.e., when you have cited at least one other source since the initial footnote). Use this after the authors surname. If you have cited more than one source by the author in question, include a shortened source title for clarity, too. Loc. cit. (meaning â€Å"in the place cited†) – As above, but used when citing the same page as in the initial footnote citation. In practice, then, repeat citations would look something like this: 4. L. Stephenson, â€Å"Replacing BMW Tires,† Practical Help for Aspiring Mechanics, vol. 76, no. 7, 2010, p. 22. 5. Ibid. p. 27. 6. R. Rose, â€Å"Carburetors and Me,† Automotive Anonymous, vol. 34, no. 6, 2011, p. 16. 7. Stephenson, op. cit., pp. 29-31. 8. Rose, loc. cit. Here, footnotes 4, 5 and 7 all cite different parts of the Stephenson source. Footnotes 6 and 8, meanwhile, both cite page 16 of the Rose source. Repeat Citations: Shortened Format Alternatively, some versions of Oxford referencing abbreviate repeat citations by giving the author’s surname and a page number. If you have cited more than one source by a single author, moreover, make sure to include a shortened title to indicate which source you are citing: 4. L. Stephenson, â€Å"Replacing BMW Tires,† Practical Help for Aspiring Mechanics, vol. 76, no. 7, 2010, p. 22. 5. R. Rose, â€Å"Carburetors and Me,† Automotive Anonymous, vol. 34, no. 6, 2011, p. 16. 6. L. Stephenson, â€Å"Driving through Spain,† The European Road Trip, vol. 12, no. 6, 2003, p. 87. 7. Stephenson, â€Å"Replacing BMW Tires,† pp. 29-31. 8. Rose, p. 16. Here, for instance, footnotes 4 and 7 are both for one of the Stephenson articles, while footnotes 5 and 8 are for the Rose article called â€Å"Carburetors and Me.† We include a title in the repeat Stephenson citation to distinguish it from the source in footnote 6, which is also by Stephenson. Journal Articles in an Oxford Bibliography At the end of your document, you will need to list all sources in a bibliography. The format to use here for a journal article is: Surname, Initial(s), â€Å"Article Title,† Journal Title, volume, number, year, page number(s). Note that, in the bibliography, you should include the full page range for a journal article, not just a pinpoint citation for the page(s) cited. In addition, as with footnote citations, you will need to include a URL/database name and a date of access for online journal articles. In practice, then, a journal article in the bibliography would look like this: Stephenson, L., â€Å"Driving through Spain,† The European Road Trip, vol. 12, no. 6, 2003, pp. 74-87. Walker, T., â€Å"Beating the System,† Economics 101, vol. 10, no. 4, 2007, pp. 160-167, https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.3998/mpub.14486 , accessed April 6, 2019. And if you’d like someone to check your document, including footnotes and the bibliography, get in touch with our academic proofreaders today.

Self-Concept Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Self-Concept - Personal Statement Example I, being a 47 years old lady, have also developed a depiction about my personal existence. I think the picture I have made up in my mind about myself matches good with what I am. This is because of the experiences in my life, whether sweet or sour. In this practical world every person faces problems and difficulties, and also happy moments. Ups and downs are such parts of life that could never be separated. If we don't face sorrows than we will not be able to get pleasure in happiness. These ups and downs have helped me to understand myself better. we are when we are alone and what we are in front of others. Also we behave differently when we are facing our family members and friends that are our closed ones, and when we are facing society or people with whom we are living together and enjoying life in communities. If I talk about myself when I am alone, that is I am not required to present myself in front of anyone I found myself as a thinker. I am an intellectual person and think about my surrounding activities, and what is going on in my life. This helps me to have an overview on my deeds. Almost every time my actions are planned in advance. I look at the positive and negative points of the action I am going to do, and based on that analysis I took forward my steps. I believe that if a person mindlessly performs his duty and does not thinks about his ambition in life, than his life would be unfruitful. I am a divorcee having a daughter and a grandson who is six weeks old. Now if I talk about what I am in front of my family and friends, I think I am a very friendly, outspoken and honest person. My intellectuality has grown in myself quality of judgment. I found myself very decisive and a good judge. I have developed a pretty logical outlook on matters which seems to be problematic to my family and I have come up with decisions that have helped them a lot. It's the result of my decisions that I have a great respect in my family. Now I will come on to how I am in front of society or people with whom we are formally associated. This includes cultural and economic part of my life along with what I have achieved and what I have did in my life. If I talk about my studies I have a pretty good background. I have an AS in Electrical Engineering from Dutchess Community College. When I was 13 I had a paper route, ant at the age of 16 I started working at K-Mart as a cashier. Because of my dedicated work I was soon promoted there to head cashier. I completed my graduation in the

Issue of gender inequality from a global perspective Essay

Issue of gender inequality from a global perspective - Essay Example Again, the focus of how the media covers the improvement of women will be aimed at presenting those 'general' variables that apply across all cultures, and education will be presented as one of the most important ways toward female emancipation. Finally, and in keeping with the economic focus, the solution driven approach will be examined from the US perspective over and against that of the rest of the world. Given that both health care and education are institutions that have had a very measurable positive impact, the question emerges as to whether these should be state or private? In terms of economics, the problems and the solutions will be examined with a particular central focus on fiscally driven themes. However much there is a lot of legislation and many institutions that function to challenge discrimination in the US, discrimination is nonetheless a problem. From the beginning's of US history, and to the present time, there has been a marked progress toward creating the insti tutions and legislation that promotes equality across social classes, race or visible minority barriers, barriers created by disabilities, and finally, the issue which will be the focus of the following analysis, namely, discrimination on the basis of gender. This said, progress toward gender inequality has been a long struggle. In the twentieth century, for example, the right to vote for women was established in 1919 or well after the right to vote was given to men. Further, the most significant acts or legislation for promoting equality, were really only passed in the 1960's. Among these, it has to be maintained that the Equal Pay or Equality Act rank as the most significant. While, the legislative or formal area of breaking down discrimination has taken some time, the effects of greater equality are arguably only a fairly recent phenomenon. For instance, in the US at the moment, in over two-thirds of all households women are in the workforce [Bennett and Ellison, 2010]. Further, women are outranking men in education at significant levels, and represent 71% of all valedictorians [Bennett and Ellison, 2010]. However, while there is progress by so many social indicators, they remain largely outsiders at the top of the work chain, so to speak. Moreover, they are still earning less than men for equivalent which means that there is a persisting wage gap in spite of a lot of the progress that has been noted in brief: â€Å"Women in the U.S. may be working more, and in greater numbers, but women are still just 3 percent of Fortune 500 CEOs, and make 77 cents on the dollar† [Bennett and Ellison, 2010]. It cannot be stressed enough that the wage gap for present purposes, has to be understood within some of the perimeters of economics. As a gap measurable or quantifiable, it follows that a tax revenue base is effected as just a single instance where impacts are made well beyond the immediate or surface layer. It cannot be said enough that both the wage gap and the impact of fewer women earning the top salaried jobs in the Fortune 500 boardrooms are economic at least as much as moral issues. In terms of the legal problems involved with systemic discrimination,

What is beauty Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

What is beauty - Essay Example For some people beauty may depend on outward appearance. Aesthetics happens to be the opposite of beauty. In today’s world we tend to mix beauty and aesthetics together. Aesthetic happens to be your outer appearance that attracts people. This include your clothing and body. People may go on buying expensive clothes or make up just to make them look presentable or attractive to others. This happens to be a characteristic of the material world. Beauty can be said to be your personality rather than looks. It is something that makes you original and shine through all the odds. Simply by applying, make up, having cosmetic surgery, you may be able to cover up all you shortcomings but you can’t get hold of a decent personality. The most you may be able to do is end up as a commodity, a fashion icon but you looks will eventually fade away and you’ll be left empty handed. An example of a private school may be taken. All the children wear uniform to attend school. The shirt blouse pants all are of the same colour and material. All the students tend to look almost the same. In this case it shall be hard to determine who has a better appearance or outer look than others. Charisma attracts one another rather than looks in this case. The possibility of aesthetics coming in between is minimised as everyone is dressed simply and equally. Inner beauty as we call it, becomes a source of attraction rather than the outer appea rance. Beauty is looked upon is this world very differently. Any two people shall have different views and ideas regarding beauty. The spirit and values hardly shall match. In simple words, beauty is something that authenticates a person rather than giving a false impression. If beauty did not exist we would be living in a materialistic society where ones looks and appearance would matter more than their actions. Without personality and

Recording and Analysing Information in HR Research Paper

Recording and Analysing Information in HR - Research Paper Example â€Å"HR information must include the educational history (degrees awarded), educational experiences (completion), past job experiences (post, position, and technical) or certifications and licenses† (Seta et al, 2005, p.391). The authors add that the assessors identify also has to be recorded by referring to facts and investigation strategies. Hence, it is clear that handling HR information is a highly complex process. The recording is the primary phase of HR management and this phase determines the level of efficiency of the whole system. Management theories strongly recommend that an organization must possess right employee volume so as to achieve maximum productivity levels and minimize wastage of resources. It is obvious that a firm cannot determine the potential employee volume unless it does not have deep employee information. As Becker and Gerhart (1996) point out, HR information also assists organizations to take decisions regarding recruitment, selection, training, promotion, and dismissal timely and properly. Effective recording of HR information is also necessary to perform applicant tracking, the process of mapping the entire recruiting activities of an organization. In addition to administrative benefits, the HR data aid an organization to effectively deal with labor relations planning and succession planning. Employment details and absence records are the two types organizations data collected within an organization. Both these sets of data are essential for a firm to ensure improved human resource management and thereby profitability. Employment details of a worker are necessary for an organization to evaluate his potential. Many organizations provide additional facilities to its employees including loans and other financial assistance. Majority of the firms allow such benefits to employees on the basis of their employment details.  

Calculations Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Calculations - Assignment Example 352,000 Purchases ?150,000 Opening Inventory ?65,000 Cost of Goods Available for Sale ?215, 000 Less Closing inventory ?70, 000 Cost of Goods Sold ?145, 000 Gross Profit ?207, 000 Property depreciation (5% using straight line method) ?5100 Plant and equipment depreciation (20% ) ?19500 Distribution cost ?58,000 Dividends paid ?12, 000 Administrative expenses outstanding ?4,500 Less distribution costs prepaid ?10, 000 Total Expenses ?77100 Net Profit before Tax ?129900 Corporation tax (22%) ?17500 Net Income ?112,400 c) Statement of financial position Julyfest Limited Balance Sheet for the year ended 31st May 2012 ASSETS Current Assets Inventory 70,000 Cash and cash equivalents 63,500 Account Receivables 87,000 Prepaid distribution cost 10,000 Total Current Assets 230,500 Fixed Assets Property 102,000 Cost of plant and equipment 98,000 Less Accumulated Depreciation 30,000 Total Fixed Assets 170,000 TOTAL ASSETS 400,500 LIABILITIES Current Liabilities Trade payables 37,000 Interest Unp aid Bond 6,500 Taxes 17,500 Purchases 150,000 SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY Equity shares 100,000 Retained Profits 59,500 Share premium 30,000 TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY 400,500 Task Two Statement of cash flows provides important information to those using it as it provides information about the out flows and inflows that have taken place in a certain financial year or within a specific period of time (Baker 2005). The main importances of statement of cash flow are as discussed below. First statement of cash flows enables users to identify as well as understand the sources from which the funds used in the business during a specific period as the uses into which these funds were used (Philips 2008). Other financial statements such as balance sheet and trial balances are not able show sources of funds as well uses into which these finances were put into use (Baker 2005). Statement of cash flow also plays an important role in enhancing management of businesses as w ell as management of business resources (Baker 2005). It also enhances planning of business funds as well as ensuring that business cash flows (outflows and inflows) conform to each other (Tailor 2003). This is as opposed to other financial statements such as balance sheet which only shows assets and liabilities of business. Balance sheet cannot account for both cash outflows and cash inflows. Another importance of statement of cash flow is that it shows how efficient an organization is able to generate income (cash inflows) from its operation (Baker 2005). Other financial statements such as balance sheet which only shows assets and liabilities of business but cannot show shows how efficient an organization is able to generate income (cash inflows) from its operation (Philips 2008). Another importance of cash to those whose use it is that it is a report of funds that have been used during a specific period of time for various business activities (both short term and long term) such organization’s long term investment (Baker 2005). This information can also be shown by balance sheet. Another importance of cash to those whose use it is that it is a report of funds that have been received by the business during a specific period of time from various business activities such as debentures, share issue and loans among others (Baker

Project Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 2

Project Management - Essay Example Microsoft Project is one of the most widely used tools for Project Management as well as for Work breakdown structure. However, there are other alternate software available as well that could facilitate the project managers in managing the project. This report discusses about the use of alternate Project Management software, Project Libre. Project Libre has been one of the most downloaded project management tools in different countries. The software is used in a number of geographic locations as presented in the image below: (Project Libre a, 2013) With 99,770 downloads of the software, this software was one of the most used project management software (Project Libre a, 2013). Therefore this software has been selected in order to compare against Microsoft Project. Project Libre is alternate software to Microsoft Project. Project Libre can also breakdown the project into smaller tasks just like Microsoft Project. Project Libre has also been awarded "Best of Open Source" or BOSSIE awar d by InfoWorld (Project Libre b, 2013). Thus, this confirms the quality of the software and how helpful the software has been around the world particularly for project managers. This report uses the software Project Libre and then a comparison has been presented using the two tools, Microsoft Project and Project Libre. Evaluation of the techniques used have also been presented in this report for the project Enterprise Rent-A-Car. MICROSOFT PROJECT MANAGEMENT TOOLS USED In order to accomplish the project of ‘Enterprise Rent-A-Car’, the project management team has divided the overall project into following smaller tasks. By dividing the smaller tasks, the project management team can better manage the project and make sure that each of the tasks is handled well. By doing so, it will allow the project management team to make sure that the project is completed within the time. The following table shows the activities that are to be completed for this project of Enterprise Re nt-A-Car along with their duration and their predecessors: No. Task Days Predecessor 1 TM Team Development 1 week 2 E-learning Software Purchase 2 weeks 3 E-learning Courses Design 2 weeks 2 4 Hacks Portal 4 weeks 5 Portal Content Set Up 2 weeks 4 6 Trainer Contract 4 weeks 7 TL Training 16 weeks 6 8 Current Training Evaluation 8 weeks 9 Retraining (Current Staff) 16 weeks 7;8 10 PBL Evaluation 8 weeks 9 11 Training (New Trainees) 26 weeks 7 The above tasks are used on two different software; Microsoft Project and Project Libre. The techniques for both the software are evaluated and discussed. Gantt Chart Using Project Libre and Microsoft Project Gantt chart is used to present the tasks of the project along with the starting date and the ending date of that particular task (Cleland, and Gareis, 2006). Modern Gantt chart has started to include the predecessor as well that shows the dependency of that particular task. This allows the project manager to identify the starting as well as the ending date of each task and thus the project can be analyzed. Both the software Microsoft Project as well as Project Libre allow the users to create the Gantt Chart. Project Libre has a similar style and user experience than Microsoft Project. Both the software when starts show a tabular form along with the space for Gantt Chart. As activities or tasks are added in the tabular form, the Gantt chart starts to fill up. As all the information about the activities are added, the Gantt chart

Calculations Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Calculations - Assignment Example 352,000 Purchases ?150,000 Opening Inventory ?65,000 Cost of Goods Available for Sale ?215, 000 Less Closing inventory ?70, 000 Cost of Goods Sold ?145, 000 Gross Profit ?207, 000 Property depreciation (5% using straight line method) ?5100 Plant and equipment depreciation (20% ) ?19500 Distribution cost ?58,000 Dividends paid ?12, 000 Administrative expenses outstanding ?4,500 Less distribution costs prepaid ?10, 000 Total Expenses ?77100 Net Profit before Tax ?129900 Corporation tax (22%) ?17500 Net Income ?112,400 c) Statement of financial position Julyfest Limited Balance Sheet for the year ended 31st May 2012 ASSETS Current Assets Inventory 70,000 Cash and cash equivalents 63,500 Account Receivables 87,000 Prepaid distribution cost 10,000 Total Current Assets 230,500 Fixed Assets Property 102,000 Cost of plant and equipment 98,000 Less Accumulated Depreciation 30,000 Total Fixed Assets 170,000 TOTAL ASSETS 400,500 LIABILITIES Current Liabilities Trade payables 37,000 Interest Unp aid Bond 6,500 Taxes 17,500 Purchases 150,000 SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY Equity shares 100,000 Retained Profits 59,500 Share premium 30,000 TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY 400,500 Task Two Statement of cash flows provides important information to those using it as it provides information about the out flows and inflows that have taken place in a certain financial year or within a specific period of time (Baker 2005). The main importances of statement of cash flow are as discussed below. First statement of cash flows enables users to identify as well as understand the sources from which the funds used in the business during a specific period as the uses into which these funds were used (Philips 2008). Other financial statements such as balance sheet and trial balances are not able show sources of funds as well uses into which these finances were put into use (Baker 2005). Statement of cash flow also plays an important role in enhancing management of businesses as w ell as management of business resources (Baker 2005). It also enhances planning of business funds as well as ensuring that business cash flows (outflows and inflows) conform to each other (Tailor 2003). This is as opposed to other financial statements such as balance sheet which only shows assets and liabilities of business. Balance sheet cannot account for both cash outflows and cash inflows. Another importance of statement of cash flow is that it shows how efficient an organization is able to generate income (cash inflows) from its operation (Baker 2005). Other financial statements such as balance sheet which only shows assets and liabilities of business but cannot show shows how efficient an organization is able to generate income (cash inflows) from its operation (Philips 2008). Another importance of cash to those whose use it is that it is a report of funds that have been used during a specific period of time for various business activities (both short term and long term) such organization’s long term investment (Baker 2005). This information can also be shown by balance sheet. Another importance of cash to those whose use it is that it is a report of funds that have been received by the business during a specific period of time from various business activities such as debentures, share issue and loans among others (Baker

Web site review asignment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Web site review asignment - Research Paper Example The three insurance companies reviewed in this paper are namely, AIG, Allianz and American Family Insurance. AIG and Allianz are both well-established in fact they hold the fourth and third places in the world, respectively. Meanwhile, American Family is a fast-growing insurance company established in 1927. Allianz originates in Germany while the other two are American companies. Expectedly, these three companies maintain websites for promotions and other customer concerns. As insurance companies, the three are expected to have something in common: all offer insurance coverage for individuals and businesses. Nevertheless, American Family makes a big difference in terms of its products and services. Table 1 presents a summary of what the three companies offer. The three insurance providers have some products in common including auto, health, life, and home/property insurance. At first glance, one can determine that American Family has more coverage than the two other companies, especially in terms of individual products. Likewise, the other two share the same range of benefits except for educational package, which only AIG offers. Insurance for vehicles have become a common trend, hence the three companies present coverage of such on their websites. Auto insurance usually covers new automobiles, and such is the case with the three companies. All boast of a wide coverage but AIG limits itself to luxury cars. Meanwhile, the two other companies offer almost the same products and services, including coverage of motor vehicles. Both of them have repair and towing services 24 hours a day, under even the most difficult weather conditions. Notably, American Family includes accessory programs to their usual coverage such as the Teen Safe Driver, Auto Rental Reimbursement and discounts to services. It is good to see that the two websites enumerate their programs and services but Allianz has a better way of

Same-sex marriage debate Essay Example for Free

Same-sex marriage debate Essay The world is constantly changing and evolving. It isnt possible to stop this from happening, but it is possible to stand up for what is morally right and for what isnt. And now, we are faced with what many people feel is the inevitable evolution of marriage: legalizing homosexual marriages. Not allowing homosexual marriages to be recognized by the government and to be legal would prevent changing a fundamental institution, would prohibit breaching the Charter of Rights and Freedoms, and would prevent unthinkable consequences. Marriage has been around for as long as anyone can remember. And after all this time, it has changed very little in the eyes of the law. Every major religion and culture has embraced marriage as a unique relationship between a man and a woman. One of the only times marriage was altered, was when no-fault divorce was legalised. No-fault divorce was introduced, and it has proven to be a complete disaster for children and often for the adults involved. Statistics now show that 53% of marriages end in divorce. And now, we find ourselves gambling yet again with an institution that is foundational to the well-being of our children and a healthy society. The same argument once made in support of no-fault divorce, This will not affect good marriages and healthy families, is now being made in support of gay marriage. Yet we have no credible evidence to prove that altering our marriage laws again will be any less problematic for children and society than was no-fault divorce. The painful lessons we have learned as a result of no-fault divorce should stop this process cold in its tracks. To fundamentally change an institution whose worth has been proved over thousands of years and in hundreds of cultures risks unintended and unexpected consequences. It is with infinite caution that any man ought to venture upon pulling down an edifice which has answered in any tolerable degree for ages the common purposes of society. Secondly, it has been argued that prohibiting homosexuals to marry would breach the Charter of Rights and Freedoms. The Charter was modified in 1981 with the following heading Whereas Canada is founded upon the principles  that recognize the supremacy of God and the rule of law. With such an acknowledgement, how could the acceptance of same-sex marriages even be considered? Time and again, the Bible clearly states and demonstrates Gods position on homosexuality: Sodom and Gomorrah were destroyed because of homosexuality (Gen 18:20-21; 19:5-7, 13); Homosexuals will not inherit the kingdom of God (1 Cor 6:9-10); Those who practice homosexuality are called perverted men (Jdg 19:22); The penalty under the Old Testament for homosexuality was death (Lev 20:13); It is abominable, whether committed by men or women (Ro 1:26-27) Three Ontario judges stated that prohibiting gay couples from marrying violates the Charter The Charter, acknowledging the supremacy (ie. dominion, preeminence) of God strikes down any notion that same-sex marriages can be accepted in Canada. Thirdly, the Marriage Act of Ontario, when speaking of a marriage mentions a man and wife. How does a same-sex couple fit this definition? The same document outlines a list of people whom a man cannot marry (grandmother, mother, daughter, sister, granddaughter). Likewise, a list of people whom a woman cannot marry is provided (grandfather, father, son, brother, grandson). If the Marriage Act permitted homosexual marriages, why is a man not restricted from marrying his grandfather, father, son, brother, grandson? And likewise, why is a woman not restricted from marrying her grandmother, mother, daughter, sister, granddaughter? It is for the simple reason that same-sex marriages do not fall within the framework of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, the Marriage Act of Ontario, or most importantly, Gods holy word. To change the definition of marriage would be to change the nature of marriage; to recommend that, the full impact of the change must be understood. And that impact must be considered not just at the individual level, but most importantly at the societal level, and not just for the present, but also the future. Definition (and language in general) create human reality. We dont just change words, we change the nature of an entity when we redefine it. Definitions are frames that we place on events, concepts or circumstances, in order to give them meaning we frame reality with language in order to find meaning in that reality. Those in the gay community who want same-sex marriage are right to seek meaning in their relationships and to want to have that meaning publicly recognized. They are wrong, however, to try to do it by co-opting the institution of marriage. The institution of marriage cannot function in that way without being deformed and destroyed.

Substrate On Rate Respiration In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae

Substrate On Rate Respiration In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae The aim of this investigation is to examine what effects different substrates have on the respiration of yeast. I will investigate this by measuring the amount of carbon dioxide evolved during anaerobic respiration. The volume of CO2 gas will be collected using a gas syringe. BACKGROUND INFORMATION YEAST Saccharomyces cerevisiae, also known as yeast, is a micro organism that uses saprophytic digestion to break down substrates. This is achieved through releasing specific enzymes to break down specific substrates, but if yeast does not contain a certain types of enzyme then it cannot break down its substrate. The more the enzyme of a particular substrate, the faster the rate of breakdown and therefore the more CO2 is produced. This will help me to test how much CO2 each substrate produces. Yeast can also respire aerobically and anerobically depending on the availability of O2. If there is plentiful of O2 then yeast would respire aerobically with sugars, producing H2O and CO2 as waste products. However, if no oxygen is available then the fermentation would occur which converts sugars into CO2 and ethanol. RESPIRATION Respiration is the process by which energy is released energy from glucose in the presence of Oxygen, forming carbon dioxide and water as waste products. Glucose releases energy in a series of reactions that take place inside components of the cell. The stages are briefly explained below: GLYCOLYSIS To get the sugar in a more reactive form it is produced to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate by the addition 2 phosphate molecules. This process is a phosphorylation reaction. The fructose-1,6-bisphosphate is then broken down into 2 molecules of glyceraldehydes-3-phosphate, which comprises of 3C each. The glyceraldehydes-3-phosphate converted into pyruvate via the oxidation process where each GAL3P molecule releases 2 hydrogen ions and 2 electrons. The electrons are then transferred to NAD to produce NADH (reduced NAD) and the energy is used to produce 4ATP from 4ADP and 4Pi. Finally there is a net yield of 2 molecules of ATP, and 2 molecules of pyruvate which is used in the link reaction and 2 molecules of reduced NAD which carries on to the link reaction. LINK REACTION In the link reaction the 2 molecules of pyruvate leave the cytoplasm of the cell and enter the mitochondrial matrix. This is an oxidation reaction where 2 NAD molecules oxidise 2 pyruvate molecules into 2 acid molecules. These 2 molecules of acetic acid then go on to combine with 2 coenzyme-A molecules to form Acetyl Co enzyme A. in the end of this stage 2 molecules of reduced NAD form, 2 molecules of CO2 is lost and most importantly, Acetyl Co enzyme A is formed through the conversion of pyruvate. This is then used in the next stage of respiration. KREBS CYCLE At the start Acetyl Coenzyme A , combines with Citrate Synthase an enzyme as well and a 4 carbon molecule called oxaloacetate, forming Citrate. Then, Citrate goes through the process of oxidative decarboxylation which forms a 5 carbon molecule called oxoglutarate.at this point NADH is produced and CO2 is removed. In the latter stages of the krebs cycle, the oxoglutarate is changed into a 4 carbon oxaloacetate molecule. NADH is made and 1 molecule ATP is also made. The volume of CO2 that is produced in the krebs cycle is important as this is the dependant variable. ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN In this stage all of the NADH and FADH that has been produced in the previous stages is converted into ATP. This takes place in the cristae of the mitochondria. The NADH and FADH electrons move. When the electrons pass from one carrier to another, a series of reduction and oxidation reactions take place which releases energy in the process. This energy is used to pump H+ ions from the matrix into the intermembrane space, thus creating a gradient where the concentration of the H+ ions in the intermembranal space is higher than it s in the matrix. The inner membrane contains enzymes called ATP Synthase and The H+ ions diffuse through these enzymes causing energy to be released which is used to synthesise ATP through phosphorylation. The process is called because the final terminal electron acceptor is oxygen which picks up the electrons from the chain and the H+ ion from the matrix to form H20 as a waste product. This reaction is catalysed by the enzyme Cytochrome Oxidase For every NADH which enters the chain and is oxidised by NADH dehydrogenase, 3 ATP are produced. For each FADH that enters the chain, 2 molecules of ATP are made. ENZYMES Enzymes are proteins that can effectively increase the rate of a reaction by lowering the required energy (activation energy) needed in order for the reaction to occur. Enzymes have a tertiary structure which decides the shape of the active site. The substrate must be specific to the active site because if they were not complementary to each other, then the substrate can no longer bind to the active site, thus the enzyme substrate complex does not form. The performance of enzymes can be affected in several ways some of which I have explained below. TEMPERATURE An increase in temperature will cause an increase in the rate of reaction because both the enzyme particles and substrate particles have gained kinetic energy. This will result in the particles to move faster, thus increasing collision frequency and the numbers of successful collisions as the particles have the required activation energy. If the temperature rises above the optimum temperature then the enzymes can become denatured. This happens because the enzyme molecule vibrates more causing the weak hydrogen bonds (holding the 3D structure of the enzyme together) to break. This eventually leads to the shape of the active site being altered. Consequently, the substrate will not be able to bind with the substrate as the shape of the active site is no longer complementary so the substrate enzyme complex can not form. This is important in my experiment because if the yeast (enzyme) was to become denatured then it would not be able to bind with the substrate (e.g. glucose) and the react ion would not be catalysed, preventing any CO2 from being formed. I must ensure that temperature is kept constant throughout. PH Another factor which can affect enzymes is pH. Enzymes also have an optimum pH which is pH enzymes work best at. Changing the pH can change the tertiary structure due to the number of H+ ion in an acid or the OH- ions in an alkali. These ions disrupt the hydrogen and ionic bonds between -NH2 and -COOH. This will cause the tertiary structure to break down and changing the active site in the process. Once again, the substrate will no longer be able to bind with the active site, hence no substrate enzyme complex will form. I intend to use a buffer solution which will resist any changes in pH. SUBSTRATE CONCENTRATION Increasing substrate concentration increases enzyme activity as they are more molecules to occupy the active site, thus a faster reaction. If more enzyme substrate complex forms then more CO2 will be produced. However this is occurs only for a certain period until all the active sites are saturated with substrates. Therefore an increase in substrate concentration will not result in a increase in the rate of reaction. PLANNING THE DEPENDANT AND INDEPENDENT VARIABLE The dependant variable will be the volume of C02 produced during respiration and the independent variable will be the substrates that I decide to use in the experiment. These are Glucose, Fructose, Maltose, Lactose and Sucrose. NULL HYPOTHESIS The substrates will have no effect on the volume of CO2 produced during the respiration of yeast. HYPOTHESIS As the substrates are changed, the volume of CO2 formed during the respiration of yeast will also change PREDICTION I predict that of all my substrates, maltose will produce the greatest volume of CO2 when added to yeast in a fixed amount of time. Referring to my background knowledge, I know that glucose and fructose monosaccharides which can be directly absorbed by the yeast as no enzymes are required to break them down. This will allow for glycolysis to take place quicker. However I think that glucose will produce CO2 quicker than fructose because glucose is the main food source/ respiratory substrate for yeast, thus there will more glucose carrier proteins present in yeast. If more carriers are present then will enable absorption to occur quicker, hence respiration will happen quicker. So I believe glucose will produce more CO2 than fructose within a given time period. However in terms of volume of C02, I believe maltose will exceed both of these monosaccharides. Maltose is a disaccharide that consists of two glucose molecules held together by a glycosidic bond. Once this bond is broken down by maltase, there will be twice as many glucose molecules available in the same volume of other substrates such as glucose. More sugars can then be provided for respiration, hence more CO2 produced in 45 minutes. One point that must be taken into to account is that maltose cant be used directly, so it could take time before the glucose can be used. In addition, as glucose is a polar molecule it must be transported via facilitated diffusion. This could be a limiting factor if all the carriers become occupied, which would slow down the respiration process as a result. After fructose, I predict sucrose will be the 4th substrate to produce the most CO2. Sucrose is also a disaccharide which consists of a glucose and fructose molecule. This substrate also requires enzymes to break it down and this could be a time consuming process as there is a limited amount of time. Furthermore, there arent as many fructose carrier proteins present in yeast cell membrane compared to glucose. Finally I predict lactose will produce the least amount of CO2 purely because yeast doesnt contain the enzyme lactase to digest lactose. This means that its monomers galactose and glucose cannot be used in respiration, thus no CO2 will be produced as a by-product. APPARATUS The following apparatus will be used when conducting the experiment: Clamp and stand Gas syringe accurate to 0.5cm ³/mol Water bath heated to 400C Dry Yeast Thermometer Boiling tubes Safety goggles Universal indicator Distilled water Buffer solution (slightly acidic) Substrates Electronic weighing balance (2 d.p) Stop watch Rubber bung and rubber tube Pipette (15cm3) funnel Measuring cylinders ( 250cm3) Stirring rod Conical Flask Beakers ( 250cm3, 20cm3) METHOD OF INVESTIGATION Steps Accuracy Reason for method 1. Clean all the apparatus used to contain sugars or yeast using distilled water. Set up water bath at a temperature of 40 °C. N/A Cleaning with distilled water ensures that all the equipment to be used in the experiment is clean and is free from impurities that could possibly interfere with CO2 collection.The water bath will be set to 400C because this is the temperature that I have decided to use in my experiments. 2. Fill up a 1 litre beaker precisely up to the 1litre mark with distilled water. Then add a buffer tablet into the beaker and stir thoroughly with a stirring rod Make sure the distilled water has been filled up exactly to the 1L mark. This is the step on how to produce a buffer solution. A buffer solution is required as it dissolves the yeast and substrate together. Allowing collision of the yeast and the substrate is vital otherwise a reaction would not occur 3. Weigh 30g of dry yeast using an electronic balance and transfer it into a beaker. The scale will be accurate to 2 d.p. to allow consistency. If a solution contains more yeast, then more collisions may be involved between the enzymes and substrate, hence a greater rate of respiration, and more CO2 being produced than there should be. 30g of yeast will provide a stock solution for all 15 experiments, thus each experiment will use 2g of yeast. Excess yeast cells in the solution, will cause a large volume of CO2 production as more respiration will occur so 2g is a suitable amount. Keeping a constant concentration of yeast will ensure that my test is fair because an increase in yeast concentration will increase the amount of cells respiring therefore the volume of CO2 will increase 4. Place 250cm3 of buffer solution into a 300cm3 beaker containing dry yeast. Stir thoroughly Ensure that the volume is read from the bottom of the meniscus level. The volume must be read at eye level I have decided to use a bulk buffer solution because it keeps the concentration of yeast constant. Errors are more likely to occur if I had to weigh 2g of yeast and 15cm3 of buffer solution before each experiment. I have also taken into account of any spillages that may occur so I have ensured that I have prepared more than the required amount. 5. Accurately weigh the amount of substrate needed using the electronic balance and place into a 20cm3 beaker. Then, using a pipette, collect 15cm3 of buffer solution into a measuring cylinder and add it to the substrate beaker. The solution should be stirred and the beaker should then be placed in the water bath. Before using the balance confirm that it has been adjusted to 0. The measuring cylinder will be accurate to 0.1cm3. Again, ensure that the reading is taken from the bottom of the meniscus and at eye level. I must weigh the correct amount of substrate so that the concentration remains constant throughout the experiment (1M) 6. I will Prepare the conical flasks and attach the rubber tubing (connected to the rubber bung) to the gas syringe. I will carefully measure 15cm3 of yeast solution with the aid of a pipette and transfer it into a conical flask. This will then be stirred thoroughly and placed back into the water bath. Pipette is accurate to 0.5cm3. The yeast has to be measured very accurately otherwise this would affect my results. For example if too much yeast is added, then there would be increase in amount of enzymes available and so there would be increase in successful collisions resulting in a faster rate of reaction with more CO2 being produced per unit time. The solution has to be agitated to ensure that the yeast molecules are evenly spread and do not settle to the bottom of the boiling tube so that the chances of collisions increases. The water bath will maintain the temperature of the yeast solution. This will prevent the enzymes from being affected by a change in temperature. 7. Use a thermometer to measure the temperature of both the water bath and yeast solution to ensure they are both 400C. As soon as the substrate is poured into the conical flask containing the yeast, immediately attach the bung onto the flask. This should be followed by timing using the stop watch. The stop watch is accurate to 0.01seconds. I have considered the difficulty faced when applying the rubber bung and starting the stop watch. I must make sure that I start the stop watch as soon as the bung is placed in postion and I intend to keep this the same for my other experiments. A rubber bung and the rubber tube will be attached instantly as respiration can occur immediately. The CO2 produced will be collected in the gas syringe. It is important that does not escape. if this did happen then a smaller volume of CO2 would be collected by the syringe, thus the results obtained would not be precise.The stop clock will need to be started immediately to ensure all the experiments go on for exactly the same amount of time, if one experiment was to go on for longer more CO2 would be produced and thus I would get anomalies in my results. To avoid this, the clock needs to be started as soon as the experiment begins. 8. Take readings after 5 minutes of the co2 collected into the gas syringe with the aid of a stop watch. This step should be repeated until the 45th minute for each experiment. The temperature of the solution must also be taken, which should remain constant at 400C. The readings must be taken straight after each interval. For example, I would take the reading just before the 5th minute interval. The Stop watch is accurate to 0.01seconds. The purpose of this step is to observe how much CO2 each substrate produces as time passes. 9. Using a universal indicator I will measure the PH after testing each substrate. The PH should constant throughout but if not, then it should still be recorded. The beakers, conical flask and measuring cylinders should be rinsed with distilled water after each experiment NA It is important to control PH as it could affect the amount of CO2. I will talk about this in greater detail in controlled variables. Rinsing removes any residue that may have been left over in the equipment CONTROLLED VARIABLES Controlled Variable How I will control it Why I will control it Temperature This variable will be controlled using a water bath which will be set to 40 °C throughout the experiment. The temperature must be controlled because the temperature will affect the rate of respiration of the yeast. If the temperature is changed, for example, too high then this may denature the enzymes used by yeast to digest substrates. pH The purpose of a buffer solution is to resist any changes in pH, therefore I will control the pH by add the yeast and substrate to a buffer solution. When CO2 is released, it would dissociate, forming hydrogen ions and hydrogen carbonate. These will cause the pH to decrease and become more acidic. A decrease in pH would affect enzyme activity as this disrupts the charges (H+ and OH-) on the enzymes. This will result in changes in the ionic and hydrogen bonds holding the enzyme together. The enzyme would denature, thus the substrate will no longer fit and so an enzyme-substrate complex will not form. Concentration of yeast used I will prepare stock solution of yeast (30g) containing 250cm3 of buffer solution. This variable can be controlled by simply keeping the amount of yeast (15cm3) used constant throughout the experiments. A stock solution will automatically eliminate any changes to the concentration of yeast since I will be taking the same amount of yeast from the same solution so it will always remain the same. Maintaining the concentration ensures that the same surface area is exposed by the yeast over which enzymes are released for extra cellular digestion to take place. Concentration of the substrate 15cm3 of a 1M substrate solution will be used constantly. If more substrate is added then more C02 would be produced. This is because there is more substrate available for the yeast to digest for respiration, hence producing larger volumes of C02 than it should. If this variable is not controlled then it I would not be able to determine if an increase in CO2 is due to the type of substrate increase in concentration. Timing I will time the experiment using a stop watch in all of my experiments. I will constantly time the experiment for a total of 45 minutes, ensuring that the reading is taken immediately after each 5 minute interval. I have to control this factor because if the yeast is left in the substrate for a longer time period for one experiment then this will allow more respiration to occur. The yeast will digest the substrate to produce more CO2 so therefore all solutions must be left to respire for exactly the same amount of time in order to obtain reliable results. Culture of yeast Use the same brand of yeast in all experiments. Different types of yeast may cause different results as the number of carrier proteins may vary for a particular substrate. Using the same yeast will ensure that the size of the yeast in each experiment remains the same. CALCULATING SUBSTRATE CONCENTRATION In order to keep the substrate concentration the same I will have to calculate the mass of each of my substrates. Firstly, I will use the following equation: Moles = Molarity x Volume 1000 The substrate concentration I will be using will be 0.5M and the volume will be 25cm3. In order to determine the mass from the number of moles I shall then use: Mass = Moles x Mr CALCULATIONS FOR GLUCOSE AND FRUCTOSE 1000 0.5 X 25 = 0.0125mol Fructose and Glucose has the same Mr of 180 0.0125 X 180 = 2.25g I need add 2.25 of each substrate into 25cm3 of buffer solution. I will produce a stock solution which will help maintain the concentration of the substrates throughout. I will be carrying out 2 experiments for Glucose or Fructose so I will need 4.5g of each (2 X 2.25 = 4.5g). CALCULATION FOR MALTOSE, SUCROSE AND LACTOSE 10000.5 X 25 = 0.0125mol Maltose, Sucrose and Lactose have the same Mr of 342 Maltose, Sucrose and Lactose are isomers consisting of two monosaccharides linked together by a glycosidic bond. I have taken into account that when a condensation recaction occurs to form this disaccharide then a water molecule is removed so I must substract the Mr of a water molecule from the Mr of the disaccharide. 360-18= 342 0.0125 X 342 = 4.28g So I will add 4.28g of Maltose, Sucrose and Lactose with 25cm3 of buffer solution. I will also produce a stock solution which will allow me to carry out the required amount of experiments. Therefore, I need to measure 8.56g (2 X 4.28g = 8.56g) of each substrate which will then be dissolved into buffer solution. CONTROLLED EXPERIMENTS I have decided to carry out 6 controlled experiments for each of the 5 substrate in conjunction with the normal experiments. I will conduct these experiments in order to demonstrate and prove that the process of respiration cannot occur without the presence of the respiratory substrate as well as the yeast. The first experiment will involving a boiling tube containing only the 25cm3 of yeast solution. After placing the boiling tube in the water bath (400C), I will then record how much CO2 is produced. This would be conducted in the same way as my method where I would take readings after every 5 minutes until the 45th minute has been reached. The other 5 control experiments will only consist of the substrates. I will measure 15cm3 of each substrate into separate boiling tubes. These will also be placed in a water bath and the volume of CO2 produced will be recorded at every 5 minute intervals for 45 minutes. No CO2 being produced will confirm that the yeast cannot produce CO2 with the presence of a substrate and a substrate cannot respire on its own. DATA ANALYSIS Below is an exemplar table which will be used to analyse the results produced in the experiment This table will help me to calculate the average of the CO2 produced in each of the experiments after every 5 minutes. I will produce line graphs using the averages of CO2, which will enable me to compare the averages of the different substrates. From this, I can determine if digestion for polysaccharides and disaccharides effects how much CO2 is produced. This is how I will present the average of CO2 production for each substrate: Graph showing the volume of CO2 produced against the time taken Average CO2 Production (cm3) Time (mins) A t- test is a statistical test that takes a look the amount of data, if there is a difference between the means of two sets of data and also the spread of the data. A t-test is relevant as I will be using a large sample of results which will consist of results from other members in m class and including mine. The formula for the t-test is: I have decided to construct a histogram for each substrate as this will allow me to compare my data easily after plotting frequency against experiments. A histogram will show if there any significant overlap between two substrates. Consequently, this can help me to make a decision of whether or not a t-test must be carried out. The below histogram would require a t-test: Glucose Maltose MODIFICATIONS I will use an inverted burette for measuring the volume of CO2 produced instead of a gas syringe. When carrying out my preliminary experiments I found that the gas syringe didnt move smoothly, therefore i was unable to accurately read how much CO2 was being produced. Therefore I will use an inverted burette which has an inaccuracy of 0.1cm3 Unfortunately, no buffer solution is available to control the pH of solution. In order to confirm that the pH hasnt changed, I will measure the pH at the start and end of each experiment. This will achieved using a universal indicator. I have changed the point at which I will take the reading. Initially I chose to take a reading jus before swirling the flask but I have now realised that this is incorrect. It would be wrong to do it this way because I want all the CO2 to escape from the flask before each reading is taken. So I will now take reading after swirling the conical flask.

Childrens Songs Popularity in 1918 :: Influenza Songs Essays

Children's Songs' Popularity in 1918 A brief review of the historical year of 1918 when people were informed to take precaution against influenza, while their children came up with a catchy tune for the "worst epidemic the United States has ever known"1 and comparing it with the influenza of today. PHILADELPHIA-- I had a little bird, Its name was Enza, I opened the window In 'flu' Enza. What is the truth behind the song mentioned above that children sing so often during those days? Ironic how the soldiers who came home from the war not only brought life, for they came back alive, but also brought what will soon become the death of so many. It all started in March of the year 1918 in which at Fort Riley located in the state of Kansas, an Army private reported symptoms such as headache, fever, as well as sore throat. It seemed like mild symptoms but by noon the count of soldiers who were ill of the same symptoms totaled up to one-hundred.2 Doctors everywhere were puzzled about what might be causing this illness. What soon came to be known as the Spanish influenza came also to be known as the "worst epidemic the United States has ever known." More soldiers from the war died from this influenza than from combat on the field. One of the earliest victims of the flu came from sailors who resided on the Receiving Ship at Commonwealth Pier in Boston (August 1918) in which the situation gave the flu the advantage of eventually spreading throughout the civilian population. But of course, people were first advised that there was nothing to worry about. According to "Dr. William Hassler, Chief of San Francisco's Board of Health had gone so far as to predict that the flu would not even reach the city."3 But within such urban, crowded cities such as Boston and Philadelphia, it was inevitable that this illness would turn into an epidemic. In Philadelphia of September 1918, new cases of influenza were recorded from the civilian population days after a parade. As a result, Philadelphia was forced to admit that the city has fallen under the Spanish influenza epidemic.4 The severity of this epidemic began to become apparent and so precautions were made--any public places in which crowds of people were able to accumulate were considered "off limits.

Reaction Paper for the National Museum

When I heard about you asking us to visit at least two museums and make a reaction paper out of it, I was so excited, not only because I know that you can travel back in time but of course there's nothing feels like getting in touch with your roots but by having to experience or perhaps have a glimpse of how it was like. To tell you honestly, I haven't been in a museum in a while and to put it bluntly, I've never been to the National Museum since I was in Kindergarten wherein I can't understand a thing. I didn't realize that the National Museum is divided into three buildings, Anthropology, National History and the Arts. I was excited to see the Natural History because it is the one that is newly renovated and is famous for the â€Å"Tree of Life† which is the centerpiece of the said museum; unfortunately we were not able to see it due to the lack of time but I will definitely visit that one of these days. I didn't realize that the entrance in the museum is free; I wonder why not a lot of people enter it except those kiddos who were having their field trips. There are lots to see but there's so limited time. It would have been better if there's a guide or a curator to tour us around unfortunately they're busy with the field trip of the kids. Here are some of my snapshots of the museum. I don't want to discuss anymore what I've seen inside because everybody who visited it knows about it. What I want to discuss is how the message of how rich our culture is has resonated on me so much. There were so many goose bumps moments when I was touring around the Museum especially seeing the Spoliarium in person. I caught myself staring at its magnificence for around 5 minutes. I was absolutely amazed and mesmerized by it. I was in awe of it and the experience was really indescribable. I'm not sure if I was just emotional or over reacting or if it was really the feeling it creates for every nationalistic Filipino. I felt like having to experience the atrocities of the Spanish Regime. I can still remember way back in Grade School, I was really fascinated with the Philippine History. This piece showed the world how it was like to be a Filipino way back then. A masterpiece that is comparable to Picassos' Guernica in Spain. It was really moving as it showed the violence experienced by our ancestors. Surely it was used to incense the fire burned in the hearts of the Filipinos to fight against such cruelty. I wish someone will be commissioned soon to paint the effects of the Marawi siege, I'm sure it can be a great addition to the National treasury. On the other hand, I wonder why there were no paintings depicting the Marcos dictatorship. I hope that the National Museum was designed according to time or era so it will feel like just travelling back in time, maybe they want to put it together according to pieces. I was wondering how it was like if every artifacts in all of the museums in the country just like the ones in the Rizal and Aguinaldo shrines will be placed in the National Museum, it could have been a surreal experience for me. After everything I saw I can only conclude that we might be a third world country but our heritage and culture is undeniably rich and should be seen and appreciated by all Filipinos. After everything I've seen today, I can't help but be prideful of how rich our culture is and we should celebrate it just how like our neighboring countries like Thailand and Indonesia have preserved their cultures. It surely is the key to the secrets of our past and certainly defines us as a nation full of great treasures that can rival the best museums in the world.

It Was the Most Wonderful Day of My Life Essay

It was the most wonderful day of my life! Maybe it did not mean a great deal for others as it came naturally to them, but for me, it was a bliss. Yes, bliss; I had completely lost hope until Dr Hurree came in my life as a ray of light, enlightening my life and removing all the darkness which caused me to weep my heart out everyday. I am able to conceive! This very little fact made me dance a jig of joy even on the hospital stretcher. All thanks to Dr Hurree, I was able to become mother after ten long years of marriage. This very fact filled my ears with sweet cries of babies. I went mad of joy. And my husband, he was the second most happy. After several tests conducted by the doctor, we had discovered that I could not become expectant. As my husband was the only son of his parent, my mother-in-law used to taunt me as I could not bring an heir in their family, I had to beat these vulgar and hurting taunts until today. Today nobody could tell me anything. Some months later, I was nurturing a child in me. Being so happy, I forgot about the contract I signed before working; I did not have the right to take more than one months of holidays except emergencies. I badly needed holidays, but for that I had to pay the price of losing my job, my career, and my hard-works. As always , my husband supported me to decide what pleased me. But on the other hand, my in-laws beckoned me to resign. So what if I lose my job, at least I could bring to world my symbol of love of my husband and I. I would sacrifice my career , and my years of education to take good care of my child. Hence, I resigned. During the last three months of pregnancy, I stayed at home, obeying my mother-in-law. She now talked to me with undoubted love and softness ans I was treated like a daughter of this house. My husband, an angel sometimes stayed at home and cook my favorite dishes. I was really pampered. He treated me as a princess. All my desires and wishes were fulfilled and I was in a state of happiness every single second. One morning as I descended the flight of stairs after waving goodbye to my husband who was going to work, a thought crossed my mind. I thought of his laughter when he said that I look like a huge pumpkin. I remembered my first responses from my child. However, I did not realize that the maid mopped the floor and it was slippery. Day-dreaming, I missed one step and this was the end. I blacked-out. I opened my eyes in the hospital, and I knew what had happened. I could no longer feel the nudging sensations of my baby and I screamed hysterically. Now, my system had calmed down and I wept silently. It was all my fault. My husband was on his way. He was aware of the miscarriage. What was he going through? As I lay down on the hospital stretcher, I watched the television to divert my attention. I watched the news. There was an accident not far from here. The victim died on spot. As the camera focused on the victim’s face, I froze; it was my husband! I had lost my career, my baby and now my love! I felt lonely and defeated; I was just a burden to this world!

Worst Decision of My Life

My senior year of high school was coming to a close. Everyone was in anticipation for Graduation and the school year to come to an end. My parents had been planning a trip to Florida for quite some time now and I couldn't Walt for them to leave. I decided to plan a party for Friday night even though my parents had specifically told me not to have a bunch of people over. I could hardly sleep Thursday night because I was so excited for what the following night might have in store. Up until Friday, I had only told my closest friends about the party o that the whole school doesn't show up at my house.As Friday went on I continued to tell more people and word spread like a wild fire on a dry, hot day. I was almost tempted to throw off the party because by the end of the school day it seemed like everyone had heard about it. I decided to throw the party anyway because it was nearing the end of the school year and we had to go out with a bash. People started showing up at my house around 8: 00. Everything was going smoothly until about 10:00, when what seemed to be fifty kids showed up from my high school within a ten minute span.I knew It was going to be a problem but since I was already a little buzzed, I let them all come In. My street was full of cars parked all the way up and down the road. In the basement the music was blaring and everyone was dancing having a good time. There were beer cans littered everywhere with the trash can overflowing with cans, bottles, and red solo cups. There was a distinct strong smell of sweat mixed with the spilt beer all over the ping pong table and floor. As you would walk across the basement floor, you could feel the soles of your shoes sticking to the round from all the spillage.As you walk out into the garage, there are cigarette butts scattered throughout, with a dense cloud of smoke that filled the air. I had to keep the garage closed so that the neighbors couldn't see what was going on. Atone point around midnight, things too k a turn for the worse. People started getting out of control. All of us where underage, and could barely handle our liquor. It all started when someone began projectile vomiting all over the basement couch. All I could think at that point was that my parents are going to kill me. Just moments after that, omen tripped down the stairs and put a massive hole In the wall.The hole was so big that I you could fit a fridge through it. At that point I was fed up and started directing people out. When I thought it was all finally over, as I was telling people to leave, a fight broke out. To this day, I still have no idea what started the fight. The fight moved outside to the front yard to my dismay. The neighbors heard the commotion and came outside and immediately called the cops. When the cops showed up, pretty much everyone was gone except a few of my friends who were taming the night and the kid who got beat up.After the cop talked to the boy who got in the fight, he came up to my house and knocked on the door. My heart was racing as I answered the door, knowing that there were consequences to come. Luckily, I didn't get Into any trouble with the law, but In no way could I avoid having to make that call to my parents who were trying to have a good time on vacation. It was almost two In the morning when called and as soon as my dad answered he knew something was wrong.

Vision and Organizational Change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Vision and Organizational Change - Essay Example Consequently, the large customers had to contact over 50 salespeople at the company and this did not make the experience worthwhile. The company envisioned that to achieve their vision organizational change was inevitable and therefore they needed to change their IT platform since previously the company never used to have a common platform for their technology. Therefore, the company started their organizational change by using customer resource management (CRM) (Markus, 2004). Following the implementation the CRM software, the salespeople at AlliedSignal Aerospace did not use the software. From this, Markus (2004) asserts that implementation of IT alone is not enough to achieve the desired goals. This is because the users of the system are used to the old way of doing things and therefore management to the IT is required. Realizing that the salespeople were not utilizing the IT to help the company achieve its vision, the company brought in CRM manager who coached these people on how to use the system. A vision in this company acts as explanatory variable to understand whether a change is succeeding or failing. Observation that sharing of information had not improved following implementation of CRM acted as an indicator that the change was on its way to failure and therefore coaching in using the IT. A manager reading through the journal would learn that it is not just enough to bring in a new IT application into a company but this must be backed by retrai ning of the staff who are to use the

Australian Media Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Australian Media - Essay Example One would be hard-pressed to visit any Australian home and not find a magazine of some kind. Moreover, magazines, like other print media, appeal more to the intellect than to the senses and emotions of their audiences. Magazines became volatile commodities with the advent of television but were able to sustain their territory because they were not as transient as the broadcast media. They are more permanent than newspapers, with a longer readership span; and magazines remain in readers' homes for weeks, months, and sometimes even years. Since the beginning of magazines in Australia, those with the highest circulation have been aimed at female audiences. The editors announced they would no longer depend on advertising for economic support; instead, they solicited private donations. Magazines have been responsible for the dissemination and proliferation of information to masses of people. As the first national medium, magazines have been at the forefront of the transmission of ideas, information, and attitudes from person to person, city to city, state to state, country to country, and continent to continent. Magazines appear in many forms and formats. Magazines have been so successful in their attempts to communicate with the masses that other media have often emulated them. Newspapers have become more like magazines in marketing methods, writing style, and format (Lester 75). Every year for the past decade there has been the creation of television programs promoted as newsmagazine shows. Still women's earnings are rising compared with men's, a fact that helps make women a consumer group of vital interest to the mass media. In addition, many women who do not work outside the home exercise a considerable voice in making purchases. For years advertisers have recognized the buying power of women consumers and targeted messages to them via the mass media. The movement of women into the labor market has enhanced advertiser interest in reaching a female audience (Biagi 38). This situation stems from the fact that traditional news values represent conflict, controversy, power struggles, political battles, and changes in the status quo--all elements linked to the masculine domination of society. Women, as a group, have not been key players in the political, economic, and military developments that make headlines. Women's activities traditionally have been seen as unworthy of prominent news coverage, either on the front pages of important newspapers or on nightly network newscasts. Women's news general ly has fitted into the "soft news" category of entertainment or feature material (Lester 71). The rankings of newspapers on coverage of women in the Women, Men and Media study underscored this point. Apart from their relative absence in the news, the images of women in other areas of mass communications have come under attack. Researchers consistently have found the portrayal of women in advertisements at stereotypical levels. These facts explain entertainment nature of contemporary magazines aimed to bring pleasure and delight instead of education and informing functions (Biagi 35). Since the future can only be understood in terms of the past, it may be instructive to quickly note the history of women's efforts to influence media content. Feminists have been trying for one hundred years to attack the pervasive stereotypes used in media portrayals of women as

Tort law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Tort law - Essay Example Basically, a tort law can be described as a civil wrong not arising from a contract and in the case of negligence, one should owe due consideration to one’s neighbour (Capiro Industries vs. Dickman 1990). It generally refers to the duty of care owed by somebody to his or her neighbour. Cooke (2010) suggests that in the event that it can be proved beyond any reasonable doubt by the court that the plaintiff has suffered a civil injustice, a claim can be raised and a remedy in the form of compensation can be instituted. On the other hand, negligence can be described as a civil wrong arising from the act of negligence by doing something a reasonable man would not do and a plaintiff must prove that the defendant owes a duty of care (Donoghue V. Stevenson 1932). It is of paramount importance for the plaintiff to be able to prove that the defendant had duty to take care of and that duty of care has been breached in order to win the claim. In order to prove the existence of day care d uty, some conditions should prevail where a defendant can be taken to task if this duty is breached. Under the case of Capiro Industries vs. ... In the above case of Ultramares Corporation v Touche (1931) 255 NY 170), the facts are: Justice Cardozo created a special rule with regards to accountants and auditors. He suggested that mass liability should not exist but that only the client and the intended third party could hold an accountant liable for the accountant's negligence (Wegman 2007). Thus the court must be careful especially when it comes to establish negligence in the case involving an unmarked amount of money for an unfixed time with regards to an indefinite third part. An accountant can facilitate a loan transaction between a financial institution and a third party and in this case, only the financial institution and the third party can hold the accountant liable in the event of losses as a result of negligence. In this case, negligence is a common form of tort law which can be punishable if carelessness is proved and the victim will be entitled to get compensation. Failure to protect others from harm as a result o f somebody’s conduct is known as negligence whereby a duty care will have been ignored. From the above explanation of tort, it is clear that the accountant in this particular case has a duty care to make sure that their actions do result in financial losses to the client or the other third party which can be the plaintiff. With regards to this normal test, it does not always follow that duty care is owed by the third party which may result in loss of something which requires the plaintiff to prove that the resultant loss has been a result of the action of the accountant. In the case of Paris v Stepney Borough Council (1951) the editor of Salmond on the Law

Edwin Henry Landseers work Waiting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Edwin Henry Landseers work Waiting - Essay Example The essay "Edwin Henry Landseer’s work Waiting" discovers the painting "Waiting", created by Edwin Landseer. Because all artists tend to capture the images and scenes that mean the most to them, whether they intend to or not, they also manage to provide their audience with clues as to the ideals of their era. As a result, artistic efforts often provide useful tools for the study and understanding of complicated concepts in a variety of fields. In cases in which the artists choose to provide visual images in which the forms and figures are recognizable, future generations are able to get a sense of how these people lived by examining shifts in depictions, deliberate misrepresentation and so forth that provide clues as to the underlying social structures. These ideas can be found in Sir Edwin Henry Landseer’s work, such as in his oil on canvas painting â€Å"Waiting† This painting appears to represent an inner courtyard to an estate. An arched wooden door stands aj ar at the back of the painting revealing blue sky and green fields, but there is a stonework wall surrounding the picture space and the ground is covered with bare ground and more stonework. A cement stairway curves up along the left-hand side of the painting just revealing the bottom edge of another wooden door at the top of the steps. The second-floor banister for these steps is covered with a red rug on which perch several birds. The main characters of the image, though, are a dazzlingly white horse, a small black dog and a much larger black.

The Influence of Family Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

The Influence of Family - Essay Example This influence is often reflected in the childhood and adult life of the child. According to various researches, it has been proved that, children always associate themselves with the problems of the parent and worry about these issues even if they are not part of the problem. This is a regular experience faced by families which have divorced. This is the main reason why individuals ask themselves if the family can influence the way they think, act and feel in the society. It is true that the family plays a significant role in the way individuals behave in the family and society. Every concept an individual adopts are learned from the family. For instance, everything a child learns is always influenced from his or her parenthood and how they reacted to their parents. Parents are good people to emulate as they are familiar with what life entails. This is due to their life experiences. They are essential in teaching their children what they have learned, how they should act, think and feel about the modern society. However, some parents are not good role models to their children. As in the case of Cary, whose life will be discussed in the papers’ body, her mother was never a role model. Her mother was full of hatred and brought her up in a manner that she never liked. As such, she vowed to bring her children up in a manner that was completely different from her mothers. However, Cary’s mother case contradicts the claim that mothers are the primary caregivers. Mothers are considered as the primary care givers and consequently being viewed as the most influential to the child’s life. However, recent psychoanalytical studies have shown that fathers have a major role to play in influencing the behaviors and thinking of their children. The parent’s behavior can be explained from their past experiences or prominent figures in the society which they look up to and desire their children to emulate. Young maternal age is usually associated to with harsh and abusive parenting (Smithbattle 521) which can be explained by the fact that most young mothers are mostly poor and at risk of social isolation. They also go through depression and stress making them harsh and abusive parenting. However, these are not usually the only factors affecting the influence that a parent has to his children. Some parents may have prominent figures in the society who they want their children to grow up to emulate and they therefore train them to be like to people. Griffin also brings out the fact that a parent’s control over the family can have an influence on the child’s life (Griffin 302). A child whose parents exercise full control of every aspect at home grows to learn what ask and what not to ask. In exercising so much control in the family, children may not feel good while within the family and when faced by a problem they withdraw to cry alone as seen in Laura’s family (Griffin 307). Apart from the influence one gets from the family, the society plays a great role in influencing a person’s behavior. Moreover, after getting to a certain age, one starts becoming self aware and it is at this time that they start erasing whatever they do not need and developing their desired qualities. The essay on the loss of a creature by Percy tries to expound on the influence of the past knowledge and experiences to the sightseer in their visit to the tourist sites. According to Percy (2), precedent experiences and awareness determines the nature of leisure and enjoyment in any vacation. The prospects of the visit have a role to play in assessing and evaluating the intensity of satisfaction in any tour. Sightsee that satisfies the goal and objective of the vacationer