Pay Equity- Statistics, Legislations and Why Women Worn in Low - Paid Jobs Essay Example for Free

Pay Equity- Statistics, Legislations and Why Women Worn in Low Paid Jobs Essay Men and Women should not be called the opposite sexes, instead referred to as complimentary sexes. The sexes should be treated equally in every aspect, one of which is in the pay they receive. The sexes should receive equal wages for equal work. It should be more about ‘from each according to his ability, to each according to his need’. Statistics show that men are paid more than women for the same work. One may think if women are really paid less, why would anyone hire a man? Put another way, would not a company full of men will soon be put out of job by a company which hired only women. The truth is that the pay gap can be attributed to large scale discrimination against women. Men who earn more most often do so because of their gender. To get higher pay, men are more likely to enter higher-paying fields, perform riskier tasks and take positions with less stability which explains the fact that only 26% of all miners are women. To tackle this problem of unequal pay, various movements have risen in the recent times ensuring pay equity. In Canada, the purpose of the Pay Equity Act is to achieve equality in the workplace so that no person shall be denied employment opportunities. Though massive strides have been undertaken in the past for pay equity, the true scenario of pay equity has not been achieved as there is wage disparity in various jobs undertaken by women including unequal pay in the field of sports, and why women tend to work at low paid jobs. There is pay inequity almost in any profession undertaken by women. Men earn significantly more than women despite the existence of the Pay Equity Act. During the time when Baby Boomers were joining the workforce, women earned 59 cents to the dollar till the 1980s where the wage gap was narrowed by just 15 cents to just 74 cents to the dollar. Back then, the pay equity legislations never confirmed women equal pay as the men; they just gave the women the hope that women could raise their voice against unjust treatment by their employers. The Pay Equity Act of 1963 supported women who were employed in the public sector and thereby, offering no security to the ones employed in the private sector. In 2002, the median wages of women who worked full-time year-round were 76. 2 percent of men’s (Werschkul 13). In other words, women earned about 76 cents for every dollar earned by men. To reduce the wage disparities, pay equity legislation prohibits wage discrimination where employees are responsible for equal work. The goal of the legislation is to achieve the ideal balance between financial comfort, professional fulfillment and personal happiness for each women employee. Certain factors are a hindrance in the achievement of this dream. One reason why women earn less because women in the workforce are less likely to work a full-time schedule and are more likely to leave the labor force for longer periods of time than men. These differing work patterns lead to an even larger earnings gap between men and women suggesting that working women are penalized for their dual roles as wage earners and those who disproportionately care for home and family. Recent figures convey a better story. Working women today are paid an average of 80 cents for every dollar that men are paid, even when accounting for factors such as occupation, industry, race, marital status and job tenure. There are more than 80 fields in which women earn more than men, but some are too small to be statistically significant. Of which, there are only 40 fields in which women earn less than 5% more than their male counterparts. These positions include counter attendants in cafeterias, food preparation workers, waitresses and service station attendants to name a few. It has been argued that women earn less because they are not as qualified as their male counterparts. However women in the same positions as the men still earn less. For instance, women lawyers earn just 87% of their male counterparts (Farrell 8). In the medical field, physicians and surgeons earn just 59% of pay compared to male physicians and surgeons. Women and men employed in these fields are equally qualified as they would not be a certified physician without same qualifications. Despite similar qualifications, women still earn less. Pay inequity runs rampant in the sport world too. Professional sport continues to provide unequal pay to women. Paying men more for the same sport gives women in the sport less incentive to push themselves. As a result, it also discourages future female participation in the sport. Women athletes in the sport receive minuscule recognition and fewer rewards compared to their male counterparts. For example, for finishing in third place in the 2003 Women’s World Cup, each U. S. women’s national soccer team member was awarded $25,000. They would have received $58,000 if they had won the Cup. For reaching the quarterfinal of the World Cup in 2002, the U.  S. men’s national soccer team members received $200,000 each. To speak about Tennis, Wimbledon offered greater prize money to the male athletes till 2007. These discrepancies occur because of certain misconceptions. One misconception is that woman’s competitions are not as exciting compared to ‘masculine’ events for instance men perform riskier tricks, hit a tennis ball harder. Women should be compared to other women, not to men. There is a bias that women are not physically strong as the men but women perform to the best of their physical abilities. They would perform the same with a fluctuating pay. Athletes are driven by the passion for the sport, not for the money it offers. Another misapprehension is that women should not receive the same prize money as they are unable to bring the sponsorships and viewership compared to men. Women’s events are not publicized or advertised as much as compared to men’s events. Therefore it will be unfair to say they are unable to draw attention from the public. If the womens events are not included in the telecast, it is misleading to argue that mens events receive higher ratings. Another delusion is that men’s competitions go on for a longer time, include more games and thus men should receive more income. This assumption is flawed as length of the competition should not matter. Star athletes are the ones who draw the crowd. Women have the same capability like the men to draw crowds. The issue of pay inequity goes beyond the issue of money. This issue extends beyond the playing field. When girls grow up seeing celebrated women athletes receiving less than their male counterparts, they are forced to believe it is okay for them to compromise. This acceptable value is not an accepted one. Majority of women tend to be employed in low-paid jobs. In large corporate companies, there is a bias that women are better in the human resource field than in any other field. It is a stereotypical image of women being more cooperative, collaborative and intuitive than men. The CEOs of any company come from the manufacturing, marketing and operations department, not from the human resource department. The talented women are working in the human resources.

Quebec, The Province, The People, The History :: essays research papers

Quebec, The Province, The People, The History Quebec is a province in eastern Canada, bordered on the north by Hudson Strait and Ungava Bay; on the east by Labrador (Which is a part of Newfoundland), the Strait of Belle Isle, and the Gulf of Saint Lawrence; on the south by New Brunswick, Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, New York, and Ontario; and on the west by Ontario, James Bay, and Hudson Bay. The name Quebec is derived from an Algonquian term for "place where the river narrows," referring to the Saint Lawrence River near the site of present- day Quebec City, the capital of the province. Quebec is sometimes called "the Storied Province," Quebec became part of the Canadian Confederation on July 1, 1867, as one of the four original provinces. The province of Quebec was first colonized by France and was formally acquired by Great Britain in the Treaty of Paris of 1763. The mass majority of Quebec's population today use French as their first language. Beginning in the 1960s the Quebecois (French-speaking residents of Quebec) made strong efforts to preserve their French heritage as well as to gain additional powers for the province, which led to conflicts with the national government that have yet to be fully resolved. This is apparent in the recent "Referendum" where theQuebecois tried to get Quebec special provincial concederations based on the fact the mass majority of Quebec residents speak French. Quebec is the largest of all the Canadian provinces. Its large area of 1,540,680 sq km (594,858 sq MI) accounts for 15.5 percent of Canada's total area and includes 183,890 sq km (71,000 sq MI) of inland freshwater surface. This is a major draw for Industry in Quebec. Elevations in Quebec range from sea level to 1622 m (5322 ft), atop Mont D'Iberville in the Torngat Mountains in the northeast. Anticosti Island and the Magdalen Islands, (which are both in the Gulf of St. Lawrence), are part of Quebec, which has a tidal shoreline of some 13,775 km (some 8560 MI). Montreal is the leading industrial and commercial center and largest city in the province of Quebec. The climate of Quebec varies drastically. Quebec's climate is effected by regional variations in altitude and by the pce's northern location, and its exposed position between the cold waters of Hudson Bay and the cold ocean currents along the Labrador coast. Montreal has an average January temperature of about -9Â ° C (about 16Â ° F) and an average July temperature of about 22Â ° C (about 72Â ° F). The recorded temperatures in the province have ranged from -54.4Â ° C (-65.9Â ° F), in 1923 at Doucet in the south, to 40Â ° C (104Â ° F), in 1921 at

M1 Analysing different types of business information and their sources Essay

Verbal information: It is important that Detica uses verbal communication, mainly because they are a big technology based organisation. Detica uses a hierarchy structure that is like a chain of communication. This is the way a business communicates through different departments. This means that if the client doesn’t communicate with each other the chain will be broken, this can cause problems and result in tasks not getting completed. The advantage of verbal information is that it is easier than written and on-screen information, this is because when you use verbal you are able to understand every detail that is being said by the speaker. In Detica they use verbal information in meeting with staff and customers, this is an advantage for customers as they get to ask staff questions just in case they want to clarify something or if they didn’t understand the instructions clearly. With verbal information you get to communicate more effectively when in meeting and conferences. Verbal information does have its disadvantages, such as language barriers. Language barriers can effect verbal information because the other person may not speak English or they might have an accent. This type of language barrier can cause poor communication between the staff in Detica and the customer. Written information: Written information has its advantages that are used in a technology organisation like Detica. This type of information may be used in memos, contracts, instructions or when writing notes, by doing this they are able to refer back to it and verify the information so that they understand it clearly. This can help Detica when they are helping a client who may not understand English properly, because they will be able to give them written feedback that is clear and easy to read. However there are disadvantages such as typos and unclear instructions. Written information can sometimes be misleading if a word is spelt the wrong way, this can also be misunderstood if the instructions are in the wrong order or not sent out in a clear way. This can be a problem for the staff in Detica because if they receive a set of an instruction that is not clear or doesn’t have enough information they will not be able to follow the steps properly. Multimedia information: There are advantages to multimedia information as it can be very user friendly, it’s easy to use as all the you have to do is watch the video or listen to the audio. Multimedia information is suitable for everyone ranging from a large audience to an individual. There are also disadvantages that can affect the way multimedia is shown, for example if there is too much information it can make it harder to get the important message across to the viewer. On screen information: On screen information such as presentations can give the talker some assistance when presenting to staff and clients. Presentations are easy to use because they can be projected or played with media player when it being viewed in person, this means it’s easier for staff and clients to understand information when figures and statistics are being explained. PowerPoint’s allow a large amount of people to view it and can be sent through email. The disadvantages of on-screen information is that if the presentation is too long people may get bored and is likely to not be interested. Also the creator has to make sure that the information that is being presented makes sense. Web based information: Web based information is good for sending presentations via the internet to help people connect. This is a visual element that can consist of images and examples that the viewer can read through at their own pace. However some people may find that they are not able to access this type of web based information because they might need to install a copy of Microsoft PowerPoint in order for them to see it. Also if the online presentation is too long the viewer may not look through the rest of the information. External sources: The advantages of this are that the information has been already published. For example the government are able to publish statistics that is supplied from the office of national statistics. When collecting research externally it is an advantage because it can allow the researcher to gain advanced knowledge as well as facts. However there are disadvantages to external sources because it can take a long time to find out information if it’s coming from outside the business, also some of the information that’s published may not be reliable enough and could be false. Internal sources: This is good because there are a variety of sources within Detica, for example finance, sales and human resources department. Collecting internal information on Detica’s marketing can show their results that have been undertaken by the organisation, to see if they have had a success in any marketing activities. The disadvantages of this are that it requires a lot of administration work to be done in a short amount of time.

The Rwandan Genocide - 766 Words

The Tutsi are a people who live in Rwanda, Burundi, and the northeastern part of the Democratic Republic of Congo. The location, size, and history, most importantly, is why the Tutsi tribe the second largest population division among the three largest groups in Rwanda and Burundi, the other two being the Hutu and the Twa. Although the Tutsi tribe is one of the most known tribes in Africa, it comes from a long way of fighting for its rights and independence. Rwanda and Burundi contain many mountains located in east-central Africa. Their combined total area is about 20,900 square miles . This is about the combined size of the states of Maryland and New Jersey. Tutsi also live in the northeastern part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo . They live near the city of Bukayu in the Mulenge region. Here they are known as the Banyamulenge. The population of Rwanda and Burundi was about 13 million in 1994. European colonists wanted an estimate of how many Tutis and other ethnic groups they were during that period so they created a scheme according to a economy statues and physical features. They defined Tutsi as anyone owning more than ten cows (a sign of wealth) or with the physical feature of a longer nose, or longer neck, commonly associated with the Tutsi. Tutsis are tall and sturdy people. Their physical characteristics make them great soldiers leading them to indepence . Their physical strength have been useful in building up a strong military force in Burundi.Show MoreRelatedThe Genocide Of The Rwandan Genocide Essay1711 Words   |  7 PagesThe Rwandan Genocide took place in 1994 and involved members of the Hutu mass killing Tutsi and Tutsi sympathizers who were Hutu. The genocide resulted in the deaths of around 800,000 people, majority Tutsi. The separation of classes came from Belgian internationals creating the two ethnic classes and giving power to the Tutsi who were taller and had lighter skin, and generally appeared more European. In response to this, after the country gained independence from Belgium, Hutu extremists gatheredRead MoreThe Rwandan Genocide And The Genocide1654 Words   |  7 PagesMiranda Shearer Mrs. Sohal/ Mrs. Love Period 3 17 October 2014 The Rwandan Genocide A genocide is defined as the deliberate killing of a group of people, especially of a certain ethnicity. By that definition and almost any other a dictionary could define, the killing of the Tutsis was certainly a genocide.The Rwandan Genocide occurred in 1994, in an African country called Rwanda. A long history of building friction between the Hutus and the Tutsis undeniably caused the mass murder of over 800,000Read MoreThe Genocide Of The Rwandan Genocide1421 Words   |  6 PagesThe Rwanda Genocide was an unfortunate case where thousands of deaths could have been prevented, but because of irresponsibility and selfishness of global governments’ innocent lives were lost. The Genocide began on April 6, 1994 and was, â€Å"initiated by the Hutu political elite and extremists and its military support, their prime targets were the Tutsi, as well as Hutu moderates.† (Hain 2) The Hutu made up majority of the population and government officials and enforced a government-ass isted militaryRead MoreThe Rwandan Genocide Essay959 Words   |  4 PagesThe problems of today can often be traced in the beginnings of yesterday. The Rwandan Genocide was a divisive division of two groups that culminated in the mass murder of nearly 500,000 Rwandans, three-fourths of the population. The tactful subterfuge by the ruling party fueled the separation of two ethnic groups that reminisce the events in Europe 55 years earlier. Naturally, the question becomes, how? Simply speaking it was the indifference of global elites and political demagoguery that incitedRead MoreThe Rwandan Genocide And The Genocide866 Words   |  4 PagesThe Rwandan genocide occurred during the period of April to July of 1994. This genocide was as a result of the Hutu ethnic majority slaughtering the Tutsi minority. During this period as much as 800,000 Tutsis were killed. The genocide was started by Hutu extremists in the capital of Kigali and the genocide soon spread across the country. Despi te all of this there were several survivors of the genocide. Immaculee Ilibagiza is one of those people. Immaculee Ilibagiza was born in 1972. She is theRead MoreThe Rwandan Genocide1335 Words   |  5 PagesRwanda is a country made up of a population with three ethnic communities, the two main communities, the Hutu and Tutsi and an additional community of Twa (or pygmies) who all spoke the same language, Kinyarwanda or Rwandan (Clapham, 1998). There is a stereotype of appearance attributed to these two main communities, with Tutsi being seen as tall and having an aquiline shaped nose, and the Hutu as being short and flat-nosed (Clapham, 1998). In the pre-colonial state of Rwanda, it was the TutsisRead MoreThe Genocide Of The Rwandan Genocide2458 Words   |  10 PagesGenocide has been plaguing the world for hundreds of years. Millions of innocent lives have been taken all for the sake of prejudice. One of the most atrocious aspects of genocide is that a large percentage of them are sponsored by the state in which they are taking place. Over the years scholars have studied just wha t motivates a state to engage in such awful behavior. What motivates them? Why would they do such horrendous things to their own citizens? Is it solely for some economic incentive, orRead MoreThe Genocide Of The Rwandan Genocide Essay2042 Words   |  9 Pagespeople that commit genocide; we are all capable of it. It’s our evolutionary history† (James Lovelock). According to the Oxford dictionary, genocide is defined as â€Å"the deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those of a particular nation or ethnic group.† Although it may be hard to believe, genocides have occurred all over the world and all throughout time. There have been well documented genocides such as the Holocaust. Additionally, there have also been genocides that have barelyRead MoreThe Rwandan Genocide1188 Words   |  5 PagesRwandan Genocide The Rwandan Genocide began on April 6, 1994 and lasted for about 100 days (History). The two groups involved, the Hutus and Tutsis, were in a massive conflict after their president was killed. The Hutus brutally killed about 800,000 Tutsis and supporters. This tragic genocide was not stopped by other countries during its peak, leaving the world wondering why. As we commemorate the 20th anniversary of the Rwandan Genocide, it is important to be informed about the tragedy. The wayRead MoreThe Rwandan Genocide And The Genocide1637 Words   |  7 PagesWith over eight hundred thousand to one million deaths, the Rwandan genocide is undoubtedly one of the most sad and shocking examples of the lack of intervention by not only the US and the UN, but by other countries as well. The ongoing tensions between the Hutu, the largest population in Rwanda, and the Tutsi, the smaller and more elite population is what eventually lead to the Rwandan genocide. The killings began quickly after President Habyarimana s plane was shot down. After hundreds of thousands